Gender Settings in City Design

Сергей Михайлович Михайлов; Александрина Сергеевна Михайлова; Рафик Ришатович Хафизов; Наиль Маратович Надыршин; Лилия Ирековна Надыршина

doi:10.21638/spbu15.2023.409

Авторы

Сергей Михайлович Михайлов Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4306-7948
Александрина Сергеевна Михайлова Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2238-5189
Рафик Ришатович Хафизов Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-0459
Наиль Маратович Надыршин Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет
Лилия Ирековна Надыршина Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2023.409

Аннотация

The article discusses the issue of gender principle in city design, which is presented to designers as the basic approach to the modern design theory. It’s manifestation in architecture and design can be considered in various aspects, related to composition in creating the architectural form: shape, color, texture, material. In addition to material components, gender in architecture and design is manifested in a special zoning of space and sound environment. The article also reveals the content of the categories of “feminine” and “masculine” in terms of the construction of gender metaphors: plastic contrasts, semantic contrasts, spheres of association. The issue of conscious consideration of gender factor in the design process raises the problem of understanding the general regularities of its development in the design of the city, the relationship with the socio-cultural processes and historical conditions. The authors consider the manifestation of gender factor at various levels of city design: formation of the image and branding of the city, the urban plan and urban structure, the urban ensemble and the architectural object, the design content of the urban environment, visual communications and dynamic forms. Each of the levels has a certain independence and its own forms of interaction with other types of design and artistic activity. Therefore, the manifestation of “gender” in urban design should be considered at similar hierarchical levels. As the study has shown, in architecture and art there is an increase in the diversity of gender manifestations, expanding the range of gender roles, increasing the contrast between feminine and masculine, gender metaphors act as a form of individualization and enhancement of expressiveness of the image. Metaphorical comprehension of the design situation in terms of feminine and masculine allows to reveal additional contrasts and enhance the expressiveness of the artistic image.

Ключевые слова:

gender, gender mainstreaming, gender attitudes, urban branding, urban ensemble, urban environmental design, artistic expression of objects

Скачивания

Данные скачивания пока недоступны.

Библиографические ссылки

References

1. Bernstein, Susan David. “Designs after Nature: Evolutionary Fashions Animals and Gender”. In Victorian Animal Dreams: Representations of Animals in Victorian Lterature and Culture. London: Routledge, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315235073-5

2. Clark, Hazel. “Slow + Fashion — Women’s Wisdom”. Fashion Practice, no. 11/3 (2019): 309–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/17569370.2019.1659538

3. Lau, Charlene K. “Taste and Transgression: Gender and Sexuality in the Contemporary Avant–Garde Fashion of Bernhard Willhelm, Fashion Theory”. Journal of Dress Body and Culture, no. 24/1 (2020): 5–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/1362704X.2018.1466956

4. Hilborn, Emma. “The Elegant Cyclist: Cycling, Fashion and Femininity in Swedish and Danish Women’s Magazines at the Turn of the 20th Century”. Historisk Tidskrift, no. 138/1 (2018): 3–22.

5. Nurse-Gupta, Jodey. “A Fair-Ribbon Quilt: Crafting Identity and Creating Memory”. Agricultural History, no. 92/2 (2018): 227–43. https://doi.org/10.3098/ah.2018.092.2.227

6. Buckley, Cheryl. “The Decorated Object: Gender, Modernism and the Design of Industrial Ceramics in Britain in the 1930s: the Gender of Ornament”. In Women artists and the decorative arts 1880–1935, 53–72. London: Routledge, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315194486-4

7. Canli, Ece. “Binary by Design: Unfolding Corporeal Segregation at the Intersection of Gender, Identity and Materiality”. Design Journal, no. 21/5 (2018): 651–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2018.1491716

8. Meth, Paula. “Informal Housing, Gender, Crime and Violence: the Role of Design in Urban South Africa”. The British Journal of Criminology, no. 57/2 (2017): 402–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azv125

9. García-Sánchez, Rafael, Bastida, Sergio Cerezuela, and González, Francisco Joaquín Jiménez. “The Female Formal Basis in the Funeral Archaic and Ancient Architecture”. Cuadernos De Musica, Artes Visuales y Artes Escenicas, no. 13/1 (2017): 135–48. https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.mavae13-1.pffa

10. Moeini, Seyed Hossein Iradj. “Salvation by Design? An Iranian Experiment with the Pedagogy of Feminism-Informed Architecture”. The International Journal of Design Education, no. 14/1 (2019): 43–53. https://doi.org/10.18848/2325-128X/CGP/v14i01/43-53

11. Stevens, Katharina. “The Roles We Make Others Take: Thoughts on the Ethics of Arguing”. Topoi 38, no. 4 (2019): 693–709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-019-09659-0

12. Ploehn, Cathryn, Molly Steenson, and Daragh Byrne. “Tsuga Convictio: Visualizing for the Ecological, Feminine, and Embodied”. VIS Arts Program (2020): 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1109/VISAP51628.2020.00008

13. Sharov, Konstantin K. “Visual Semiotics of Feminine Fashion: a Concise Analysis”. Praxema Journal of Visual Semiotics, no. 1 (2019): 173–95. https://doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2019-1-173-195

14. McIntyre Petersson, Magdalena. “Gender by Design: Performativity and Consumer Packaging”. Design and Culture, no. 10/3 (2018): 337–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2018.1516437

15. Venkatesan, Tara, Qian Janice Wang, and Charles Spence. “Does the Typeface on Album Cover Influence Expectations and Perception of Music?” Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, no. 16/3 (2020), 487–503. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000330

16. Reimer, Suzanne. “It’s Just a Very Male Industry: Gender and Work in UK Design Agencies”. Gender Place and Culture. A Journal of feminist geography, no. 23/7 (2016): 1033–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2015.1073704

17. Shaouf, Abubaker, Kevin Lu, and Xiaoying Li. “The Effect of Web Advertising Visual Design on Online Purchase Intention: an Examination Across Gender”. Computers in Human Behavior, no. 60 (2016): 622–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.090

18. Reina, Marta Isabella. “The Formation of Gender-Sensitive Designers: Introducing Critical Practices to Challenge Gender Normativity in Visual Communication”. International Journal of Designed Objects, no. 13/1–2 (2019): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18848/2325-1379/CGP/v13i01/1-18

19. Rodriguez, Sofía Alejandra Luna. “Design and Gender: the Influence of Gender in the Formation of Industrial Designers”. Kepes, no. 16/20 (2019): 609–38.

20. Shaw-Garlock, Glenda. “Gendered by Design: Gender Codes in Social Robotics”. Social robots: boundaries, potential, challenges, 199–218. London, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315563084

21. Jankowski, Filip. “The Presence of Female Designers in French Video Game Industry, 1985–1993”. Games and Culture, no. 15/6 (2020): 670–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412019841954

22. Kaye, Linda, Charlotte Pennington, and Joseph McCann. “Do Casual Gaming Environments Evoke Stereotype Threat? Examining the Effects of Explicit Priming and Avatar Gender”. Computers in Human Behavior, no. 78 (2018): 142–50. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uq5ty

23. Muñoz-Muñoz, Ana-M., and Maria Barbano Gonzalez-Moreno. “Women Photographers in Europe: a Fresh, Feminine Approach”. Collection and Curation, no. 37/4 (2018): 141–5. https://doi.org/10.1108/CC-03-2018-0007

24. Grashin, Alexander, and Olga Haliullina. Design Technologies of Modern Design, Taking Into Account the Gender Factor. Orenburg: Orenburgskii gosudarstvennyi universitet Publ., 2015. (In Russian)

25. Alexander, Christopher, Sara Isikava, and Murray Silverstajn. A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo Studii Artemiya Lebedeva Publ., 2014. (In Russian)

26. Mikhailov, Sergei. “Design of the Modern City: the Complex Organization of the Object-Spatial Environment: a Theoretical and Methodological Concept”. DA diss., Vserossiiskii nauchno-issledovatel’skii institut tekhnicheskoi estetiki (VNIITE) Publ., 2011. (In Russian)

27. Glazychev, Vyacheslav. Urbanism. Moscow: Evropa Publ., 2008. (In Russian)

28. Mikhailov, Sergei, and Aleksandrina Mikhailova. “Design of the City from a Historical Perspective”. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 9/128 (2011): 4–8. (In Russian)

29. Mikhailov, Sergei, and Yulia Filimonova. “Gender Metaphors in the Architecture of the Modern City”. News KSUAE 2, no. 40 (2017): 86–94. (In Russian)

30. Mikhailov, Sergei, and Aleksandrina Mikhailova. “A Gender Approach in Architecture and Design”. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo, no. 4–5 (2020): 26–32. (In Russian)

31. Dembich, Natalia, and Sergei Mikhailov. “Design as a Means of Creating a Historical Marker in the Urban Environment (Using the Example of the Princess Diana Memorial Route in London)”. Mir Nauki, Kul’tury, Obrazovaniya, no. 5/36 (2012): 219–21. (In Russian)

32. Belov, Maksim, Sergei Mikhailov, and Aleksandrina Mikhailova. Pedestrian Street Design. Kazan’: Dizain-kvartal Publ., 2015. (In Russian)

33. Lebedeva, Galina. “Architectural Theory of Vitruvius”. Iskusstvoznanie, no. 3–4 (2009): 5–34. (In Russian)

34. Sulejmanova, Dilyara. Interior of a Tatar Home: Origins and Development. Kazan’: Tatarskoe Knizhnoe Izdatel’stvo Publ., 2010. (In Russian)

35. Nikishenkov, Alexey. Traditional Etiquette of the Peoples of Russia in the 19th — early 20th Centuries. Moscow: Staryi sad Publ., 1999. (In Russian)

36. Mahlina, Svetlana. “Interior of Russian Hut”. Voprosy Kul’turologii, no. 12 (2012): 71–5. (In Russian)

37. Mikhailov, Sergei, Aleksandrina Mikhailova, Rafik Khafizov, Neil Nadyrshine, and Lilia Nadyrshine. “Supergraphics as a Project and Artistic Method in Design of a Modern City”. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, no. 890 (2020): 012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/890/1/012003 (In Russian)