“Plan de St.Petersbourg et Son grand Ouvrag… Couronne design… Majeste G…” (The big plan of Saint-Petersburg fortress with Crownwork…)
Abstract
In conjunction with the historical context of the Saint-Petersburg city development during 1703–1710, on the basis of the compositional archive data, contemporary published and unpublished records (written, cartographical, iconographic ones), involving the data of archeology, a review is presented of historical features of creating the key document in the history of the Peter and Paul Fortress development, a planographic document, namely, the unique rebuilding design of the fortress of “Sankt-Peter-Burkh” with its reconstruction in brick and stone, as well as building its crownwork. There has been carried out
a research, which allowed to specify the dating and authorship of the plan of 1707, to define a ratio of design and realization components in this project, reveal more precisely its unique role in construction history of the Peter and Paul Fortress development and its Crownwork. These specifications clarified some landmark stages of the fortress development, specified their authorship and correlation to Peter I activities, as well as to his associates who supervised the design and construction work (including the fortification works), such as Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin, V. A. Kirschenstein, Domenico Trezzini, who were engaged both at the stage of compelled construction of temporary defensive objects, and at the qualitatively new stage of transition to building capital, long-term fortification complexes and systems. It is worth mentioning that these complex fortification constructions became the main objects of Peter I time in the historical centre of Saint-Petersburg and defined the historical image of the city on the Neva River. A study of the considered design plan has been carried out, its place in the history of the Petersburg planography has been revealed, as well as its role in the processes of creating the Peter and
Paul Fortress ensemble.
Keywords:
St. Petersburg planography, wooden — earth and brick — stone Saint-Petersburg fortress, Crownwork, Peter I, J.-G. Lambert de Guerin, V. A. Kirschenstein, Domenico Trezzini
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Articles of "Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts" are open access distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution and self-archiving free of charge.