“Down with Autocracy!” — Exclaimed Johann Sebastian Bach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.401Abstract
A long time, there has been an opinion in Bach studies that at a reception with the Prussian king Frederick II (“the Great”), Johann Sebastian Bach, having received the command from him to improvise a six-part fugue on the Thema Regium, publicly refused the task, choosing an other theme for this. The article questions a number of J. S. Bach’s actions at the king’s reception (in particular, his appeal to the monarch with a request to give a theme for improvisation, as well as an explanation of why the Thema Regium was not suitable for a six-part fugue, etc.), which are attributed to him by the authors of scientific works, allegedly based on documentary sources. Based on them, the scientific literature draws a dubious conclusion that Bach replaced the royal theme with an unknown other one. At the same time, not only the theme itself remains unknown, but also its author. However, there are a significant number of facts that call into question many of the details of this plot, and with them, its reliability. Studying the details of the context of the events taking place in the conditions of the court of Frederick II and comparing them with the Obituary and newspaper publications of that time, allowed us to conclude that Bach performed the improvisation of the six-part fugue on a royal theme and without any indication from anyone. As for the “replacement” of one subject with another, then, as an analysis of the circumstances shows, that event most likely did not occur during the Potsdam events of May 7 and 8, 1747.
Keywords:
J. S. Bach, improvisation, six-part fugue, Thema Regium, change of theme, Frederick II “The Great”, Potsdam, Obituary
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Articles of "Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts" are open access distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution and self-archiving free of charge.